Castel del Monte (Castle on the Mount)

Castel Del Monte, a medieval castle in Andria at Apulia region, Italy

Castel del Monte, a 13th century medieval castle or citadel, features a blend of architectural styles from classical antiquity, the Muslim world, and the Gothic style from Northern Europe. Located in the region of Apulia in Italy, the castle was constructed in the 1240s, and was likely founded by the Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II. The castle was built on land owned by Emperor Frederick’s mother, Constance of Sicily.

Perched atop a hill, its name meaning “Castle on the Mount,” Castel del Monte, has been steeped in mystery for many years. Its original purpose is not known for certain, though it is generally believed that it may have been constructed as a “curtain wall,” and served as a citadel. The fortress was never finished, and it has no moat or drawbridge. The architecture is noted for its unique geometric design – an octagon with octagonal towers in each of the eight corners, vaulted ceilings, and an octagonal courtyard in the center. There are two entrances to the citadel, a simple one for servants, and one ornate. The main entrance features architecture influenced by classical and Graeco-Roman styles.

Though once filled with artwork that included paintings, mosaics, and sculptures, the interior of Castel del Monte was looted in the 18th century by the House of Bourbon, who reused some pieces in their own palace. Today, the exterior architecture is the main draw to the site, but one of the few works of art remaining is a slab carving depicting a parade of knights.

Restoration began on the castle in 1928, and it became a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1996. Castel del Monte is also featured on an Italian Euro coin.